Iran attacks bases housing US troops

The classified Senate briefing on the strike that killed Qasem Soleimani became tense and heated amid repeated questions from Democratic senators about the intelligence regarding how imminent a future attack would be, according to four senators who were in the room.

Administration representatives ended up leaving before all questions were asked and departed after the allotted time of 90 minutes, two senators said.

Democrats pressed for specifics of the targets and timeline, and while senators said the timeline was described as within “days,” the information provided in today’s briefing did not explicitly back that up, according to Democrats.

At one point, Democratic Sen. Amy Klobuchar pressed on the imminence of the attack, and several senators said they came away with the sense her specific question remained unanswered. Administration officials were pressed about whether the attacks would be carried out especially since Iran’s supreme leader apparently had not signed off on what Soleimani was plotting, sources said.

Republicans expressed frustration over the Democratic posture during the briefing, with GOP Sen. Lindsey Graham saying they were “out of their minds” for how they approached the strikes.

Sen. Chuck Schumer, a Democrat from New York, spoke to reporters following the briefing. Here’s what he said about it:

Two Katyusha rockets landed inside Baghdad’s Green Zone, the Iraqi joint military command told CNN just after midnight Thursday local time.

There are “no reports of causalities,” the military command said.

The CNN team in Baghdad heard sirens from inside the Green Zone and heard two explosions.

The Iraqi Ministry of Foreign Affairs rejected Iran’s attacks on its territories in a statement today, and said it considered it a violation of Iraqi sovereignty.

The Iraqi Ministry of Foreign Affairs went on to call on “all concerned parties for self restraint, and to work towards de-escalating the tensions in the region.”

The statement urged all parties involved not to turn Iraq into a “battleground for war for settling scores and to work towards solving the problems that the region faces,” and said that the country’s internal security is their highest priority.

They added that they will “not allow the country to become a ground for conflicts or a corridor to launch attacks on its neighboring countries.” 

In a new statement, House Speaker Nancy Pelosi says the House Iran war powers resolution will come to the House floor tomorrow. 

Pelosi added: “The House may also soon consider additional legislation on the Floor to keep America safe. This legislation includes Congresswoman Barbara Lee’s resolution to repeal the 2002 Iraq Authorization for Use of Military Force (AUMF) and Congressman Ro Khanna’s legislation to prohibit funding for military action against Iran not authorized by Congress.”

Earlier today: President Trump decided to hit Iran with new sanctions in the wake of its attack on two Iraqi military bases housing US troops.

It is unclear what new sanctions will be unveiled and, after years of punishing blockades being built up, what new measures can actually apply pressure on Iran. After the Saudi oilfield attacks, similar sanctions were pledged and experts even then were unclear what impact was left for the US to have on the already beleaguered economy.

The White House released a photo of President Trump, Vice President Mike Pence and other officials in the Situation Room last night after the missile attacks.

Earlier today, the White House named the officials who were in the room:

CIA Director Gina Haspel attended the meeting remotely.

As US officials were busy assessing Iran’s missile attacks in Iraq late Tuesday, messages began arriving from Iran saying one thing: We’re done.

There were “multiple messages and they were all the same,” a person familiar with the matter said. Iran wanted to convey their retaliatory action had ended — and was waiting to see how the US would respond.

Iran initiated contact through at least three backchannels starting late Tuesday, including through Switzerland and other countries.

The back-and-forth communication came as American officials were still determining the extent of the Iranian attacks and were formulating plans for a response.

In response, the US sought to communicate to Iran that its proxies in the region were of equal concern as the activities of the Iranian state, the person familiar said.

The National Security Council didn’t respond to a request for comment.

Rep. Gerry Connolly, a Democrat on the Foreign Affairs Committee, had harsh words coming out of the briefing on Iran.

He attacked the briefing and the administration for not providing what he described as any real rationale showing that an imminent attack was being planned. Connolly called it “sophomoric” rationale. 

He added: “I believe there was no rationale that could, could pass a graduate school thesis test.” 

Some consideration was given to striking back at Iran last night, a White House official said, but the decision was made to hold off until more information came in regarding Iran’s intentions and the conditions on the ground. 

Earlier today, Trump said that Iran appeared to be “standing down.”

But he also said “our missiles are big, powerful, accurate, lethal and fast.”

President Trump spoke today with NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg about “the current situation in the Middle East,” the White House said.

In his remarks earlier, Trump said he planned to “ask NATO to become much more involved in the Middle East process.”

There appears to be disagreement on the “imminent” nature of the threat Iran and Qasem Soleimani posed to the US, following today’s briefing for members of the House of Representatives. 

Mark Meadows, a Republican from North Carolina, disagreed, saying CIA director Gina Haspel provided a briefing that was “exhaustive in terms of the number of attacks and planned attacks that had been contemplated and why the need for action was necessary.”

He argued that Soleimani will be hard for Iran to replace.

Senate Foreign Relations Committee ranking member Sen. Robert Menendez (D-NJ) is seen on Capitol Hill December 3, 2019 in Washington.

Several Democrats rejected the notion that the latest developments in the Iran crisis amounted to a validation of President Trump’s strategy.

“If you ratchet up conflict, then de-escalate, I don’t necessarily think the strategy is a good one — it’s a risky one,” said Sen. Bob Menendez, ranking Democrat on Senate Foreign Relations Committee.

Sen. Chris Murphy, a Democrat from Connecticut, said Trump’s strategy was “absolutely not” validated. 

The United Nations exhaled following President Trump’s speech and comments by Iranian officials. 

“We take note of the statement made by President Trump,” UN spokesperson Stephane Dujarric told reporters.

Dujarric said the UN welcomes any indication that “leaders are walking back from major confrontation” and are trying to avoid escalation.

“We must not forget the terrible human suffering caused by war. As always, ordinary people pay the highest price,” the UN spokesperson said.

Even as the military conflict with Iran appears to have de-escalated, Sen. Tim Kaine said he will continue to press ahead with legislation to limit President Trump’s authority on Iran, a measure similar to one being considered by House Democrats.

The Virginia Democrat said the timing is complicated by the fact that it’s uncertain when the Senate impeachment trial will begin. But since it’s privileged, the Senate must vote on it.

Jen Stoltenberg, NATO’s Secretary General, has made it his mission to keep President Trump sweet with NATO. At the leaders’ meeting in the UK last month, Stoltenberg set Trump up for a slam dunk, giving him all the stats he needed to showcase his success squeezing more money out of NATO partners. 

Today in Washington, Trump just passed Stoltenberg a far more fraught challenge: Picking up America’s slack in Iraq. 

First some background: NATO leads the US-desired mission to train Iraqi forces. When US missiles took out Iranian Quds Force Commander Qasem Soleimani on Friday, Stoltenberg’s troops got swept up in the blowback. Germany was the first to suspend the training, then move some forces out of Iraq. Spain and others followed.

Today, Trump said he was asking NATO to “become much more involved in the Middle East process.”

There are two problems here:

Stoltenberg was one of the many leaders to call the Iraqi prime minister in the wake of Soleimani’s killing. Yesterday, they discussed the “security situation in the region, and implications for NATO’s non-combat training mission in Iraq,” according to NATO.

Emerging as Iran’s top demand in this hyper-sensitive diplomatic moment has been the exit of US troops from Iraq.

They might be on to something: Trump made it a central part of his 2016 election campaign to draw down US forces in the Middle East. That doesn’t mean he’ll cave to Iran’s demands now — far from it. Today he announced he will heap yet more sanctions on Iran, of the very type that helped lead to the rising tensions – and rising violence from Iran – that served as a backdrop to the killing of Soleimani last week. 

Fraught may be an under statement for Stoltenberg’s next challenge — jumping in to Trump’s saddle as the US President switches horses and heads for the hills. But the veteran Norwegian diplomat has never failed yet and is passionate about peace – and about keeping NATO and its troops alive.

Senate Foreign Relations Committee Chairman James Risch listens to testimony on Dec. 3 on Capitol Hill in Washington, DC.

The Senate Foreign Relations Chair James Risch and Armed Services Committee Chair Jim Inhofe, both of whom have been in close contact with the administration on the situation with Iran, have responded to last night’s missile strikes and President Trump’s remarks this morning.

Meanwhile, Inhofe, also a Republican, praised Trump “for bolstering American credibility by defending American lives.”

“Iran now knows that President Trump means what he says, and that it cannot afford an all-out war with the United States,” Inhofe said. “Now is the time to work with our partners in the region and in Europe on a more comprehensive approach towards de-escalation.”

President Trump spoke with Prime Minister Boris Johnson today, the White House said. 

More context: In his remarks earlier, Trump called on nations including the UK, to move away from the Obama-era nuclear deal. 

“The time has come for the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Russia and China to recognize this reality. They must now break away from the remnants of the Iran deal or JCPOA. And we must all work together toward making a deal with Iran that makes the world a safer and more peaceful place,” he said.

Iran’s President Hassan Rouhani said the country would be prepared to retaliate against the United States if they “commit another crime.”

Speaking during a cabinet meeting today, Rouhani said that “if America commits a crime, no matter how much she threatens us, she must know that we will act decisively as we have already shown.” He added that “from now on if America wants to commit another crime, must know that they will receive a stronger reaction.”   

He also said the US needs to stop blaming Iran for the world’s problems.

Rouhani also drew attention to Soleimani’s role for the region, saying, “Americans must know that Soleimani had a big role for the region Europe, the west and even America. If it was not for this hero of fighting terrorism, even Europe would have not been safe.” 

Iraq’s President Barham Salih says he wants the region spared from military conflict and to avoid plunging the country into a new war, according to a statement released by his office today. 

The statement says the president “condemns the Iranian missile strikes that have hit military sites on Iraqi soil, and renews its rejection of the repeated breach of its national sovereignty and turning Iraq into a battleground for the conflicting parties.”

The president affirms Iraq previously declared its rejection to be a starting point for aggression against any country, refusing to be a source of threat to its neighbors.

Salih stresses the presence of the international coalition forces in Iraq was based on agreements concluded between the Iraqi government and the countries from which the coalition formed. The agreements were formed for the necessities of combating terrorism.

The statement said that the fate of the presence of these forces is an internal matter concerning the Iraqi government and parliament, according to the legal, constitutional and diplomatic frameworks, and on the basis of national consensus and Iraqi national security priorities.

While President Trump says that “Iran appears to be standing down,” US officials are still warning that Iranian proxies remain a threat to the US.

Three US officials tell CNN that the US’ current assessment is that a high-profile attack from the regime is unlikely, but their proxies in the region are still a problem.

One defense official said a contributing factor is that the subordinate commanders of Iranian-backed militias in the field are not highly disciplined. In fact, the source said Iranian general Qasem Soleimani kept personally circulating among the forces to keep them in line. 

It is unknown to US officials if Soleimani’s successor can keep things under control. 

The US and Iran have exchanged recent messages via Swiss diplomatic channel, according to the Swiss Ministry of Foreign Affairs and a source familiar with the channel.

The Swiss statement implied that both sides were involved in the message sending, though it does not detail which country triggered the messaging or if the conversation is ongoing. The source did not specify how recent messages were exchanged.

This diplomatic channel is always available and used regularly for consular issues, and it was relied on heavily during the prisoner exchange late last year. But in a crisis situation, the use of the channel is much more noteworthy, explained a source familiar with the channel. 

Here is the statement, from the Swiss Ministry of Foreign Affairs:

The Japanese Embassy in Baghdad was temporarily closed Wednesday, according to a Japanese Foreign Ministry travel advisory.

The advisory says the embassy was closed after an evacuation had been completed.

The alert level was raised to 4 — which means evacuation advisory and no entry — in all areas in Iraq, according to the advisory, but the Japanese consulate in Erbil remains open.

Leaders attend a meeting of the Joint Commission on Iran's nuclear program (JCPOA) at EU Delegation to the International Organizations office in Vienna, Austria, on December 6, 2019.

In his address on Iran’s strikes on US targets in Iraq, President Trump told his European allies that it was time for them to wake up to the fact that the nuclear deal was a disaster. 

He called out Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Russia and China — five of the eight signees to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, also known as JCPOA or the Iran nuclear deal. (The other three were the European Union, Iran and of course the US, which under Trump has withdrawn from the agreement.) 

The face-off between the US and Iran has put Trump’s European allies in an incredibly tight spot.

The JCPOA was considered a European success — and the only real foreign policy success of the European Union. It wasn’t just a success on the grounds that it poured cold water on US-Iran tensions. It also provided Europe with a forum in which it could navigate its major priority in foreign policy: keeping a balance between the US and China. 

China is very important economically to Europe. Its inward investment is welcomed across Europe, but especially in the continent’s struggling southern economies. China, meanwhile, is more than happy to increase its importance in the world’s single largest economic bloc. 

China also has historically good relations with Iran. And for those who’ve been paying attention, the thing China and Iran both have in common is that Trump is doing his best to poke both in the eye. 

Here’s what this all means: Asking Europe to stand by America in its scrap with Iran is asking it to pick a side: does it try to keep its new friends in Beijing and Tehran happy? Or does it stand by its old ally, despite the fact it’s led by a man that many European diplomats privately admit is so erratic that he gives them sleepless nights and might not even be in power next year?

Sen. Lindsey Graham, a Republican from South Carolina, praised President Trump for his speech today following a missile attack on two Iraqi bases that house US troops. 

“A homerun speech by President Trump about the challenges we face with Iran. It was measured and firm,” said Graham, a close ally of Trump.

Read the rest of Graham’s statement:

Traders pause to watch a televised speech by President Donald Trump as they work the floor of the New York Stock Exchange on Wednesday, January 8.

Oil prices fell sharply today, reversing the initial panic spike caused by fears of a deeper conflict between the United States and Iran.

US crude tumbled 4%, hitting session lows, after President Trump signaled tensions could be easing.

Crude briefly dipped below $60 a barrel after Trump’s remarks, giving back all of the gains from last week’s US drone strike that killed a top Iranian commander.

It’s a dramatic pullback from the high of $65.65 late Tuesday after Iran lobbed missiles on bases in Iraq that house US troops.

Trump confirmed that no Americans were harmed in that attack, and rather than signaling a US military response, Trump vowed to impose new sanctions on Iran.

In this file photo from January 13, 2015, released by the Iranian President's Office, President Hassan Rouhani visits the Bushehr nuclear power plant just outside of Bushehr, Iran.

President Trump claimed that Iran’s hostilities increased after the “foolish nuclear deal was signed in 2013.” The agreement was signed in 2015.

Trump also claimed, as he has before, that the deal “expires shortly anyway.” While the word “shortly” is subjective, and while some provisions of the agreement are scheduled to expire in five years, some provisions are indefinite. Others run to 2035 and 2040.

The deal includes important sunset clauses. Its limits on the number of first-generation centrifuges Iran can possess, and on the research and development of more advanced centrifuges, are scheduled to end in 2025. The 3.67% uranium purity limit is to end in 2030.

So is the 300-kilogram limit on Iran’s stockpile of low-enriched uranium, which Iran said last week it has now broken. And so is the ban on building a new heavy-water reactor and on reprocessing spent fuel, which effectively bars Iran from developing a plutonium weapon.

However, some of the limits in the deal extend past 2030 — and some do not expire at all. Centrifuge production sites are to be under continuous surveillance until 2035. Iran’s uranium mines and mills are to be monitored until 2040.

Iran is permanently required to provide advance notice of plans to build a nuclear facility. Iran promised that it will not “ever” seek a nuclear weapon. And the International Atomic Energy Agency monitoring of Iran’s nuclear activities is to continue indefinitely.

The military escalation appears to be over.

Trump decided to lean on the only “minimal damage” inflicted and unleashed threats. But he only had one practical response: more sanctions.

Moments ago, Trump announced his administration will hit Iran with new sanctions in the wake of its attack on two Iraqi military bases housing US troops.

It is unclear what new sanctions will be unveiled and, after years of punishing blockades being built up, what new measures can actually apply pressure on Iran. After the Saudi oilfield attacks, similar sanctions were pledged and experts even then were unclear what impact was left for the US to have on the already beleaguered economy.

Trump also asked Europe to get behind his maximum pressure campaign and NATO to get more involved with Middle East peace. He said that the US had new hypersonic weapons to unleash if needed.

Iran would never have a nuclear weapon, he began by saying, and the deal intended to prevent that, he added, actually released money that Iran used to get the very weapons used last night. Most of his praise was for the military’s preparedness and the early warning system that saved American lives.

“We continue to evaluate options” he said. But an immediate military response won’t be one of them.

Here’s the bottom line: Trump appears to have taken the off-ramp that last night’s mostly theatrical strikes gave him. But he still has to deal with the longer term, and now exaggerated angry threat Iran poses, if it exacts a bloodier revenge over time, more covertly.

US President Donald Trump speaks about the situation with Iran in the Grand Foyer of the White House

President Trump moments ago repeated an oft-repeated assertion that Iran was “given $150 billion” by the 2015 nuclear agreement signed by the Obama administration.

Facts first: That figure is an exaggeration. And the money in question wasn’t American.

The US had agreed to unfreeze a significant sum of Iran’s assets that had been frozen in international financial institutions, predominantly outside the US, because of sanctions against Iran.

Trump did not pull the $150 billion figure out of thin air: Obama himself mused in a 2015 interview about Iran having “$150 billion parked outside the country.” But experts on Iran policy, and Obama’s administration, said that the quantity of assets the agreement actually made available to Iran was much lower.

In 2015, Treasury Secretary Jack Lew put the number at $56 billion. PolitiFact reported that Garbis Iradian, chief economist at the Institute of International Finance, put it at about $60 billion. Adam Szubin, a senior Treasury Department official, testified to Congress in 2015 that the “usable liquid assets” would total “a little more than $50 billion.” The rest of Iran’s foreign assets, he said, were either tied up in “illiquid” projects “that cannot be monetized quickly, if at all, or are composed of outstanding loans to Iranian entities that cannot repay them.”

Trump was more accurate on Wednesday when he claimed Iran had been given $1.8 billion “in cash.” The Obama administration did send Iran $1.7 billion — $400 million plus interest — to settle a decades-old dispute over a purchase of never-delivered US military goods Iran made before its government was overthrown in the Islamic Revolution of 1979.

President Trump just finished addressing the nation on the Iran crisis. The President spoke for about 10 minutes and didn’t take questions from reporters afterward.

Here are the key things we learned in his address:

President Trump announced his administration will hit Iran with new sanctions in the wake of its attack on two Iraqi military bases housing US troops, as well as in response to its broader aggression in the region.  

He noted that his administration is continuing to review other options to respond to the Iranian missile strikes.

“These powerful sanctions will remain until Iran changes its behavior,” Trump said. “In recent months alone, Iran has seized ships in international waters, fired an unprovoked strike on Saudi Arabia and shot down two American drones.”

President Trump ended his remarks on the Iran crisis, which lasted about 10 minutes, with a message to the people of Iran.

“The United States is ready to embrace peace with all who seek it,” Trump added.

He did not take questions as he left the room.

Trump said that since he took office “America has achieved energy independence.” 

President Trump criticized the Iran nuclear deal as “very defective.”

Iran announced Wednesday it was partially withdrawing from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, or JCPOA.

Trump called on other allies to “break away” from the deal

“We must all work together toward making a deal with Iran that makes the world a safer and more peaceful place,” he said.

Trump described the Iranian military commander Qasem Soleimani killed in a US strike last week as “the world’s top terrorist.”

“He trained terrorist armies, including Hezbollah, launching terrorist strikes against civilian targets. He fueled bloody civil wars all across the region. He viciously wounded and murdered thousands of US troops, including the planting of roadside bombs that maim and dismember their victims.” 

Trump said Soleimani directed the recent attacks on US personnel in Iraq that “badly wounded four service members and killed one American” and he orchestrated “the violent assault” on the US Embassy on Baghdad.

President Trump said US forces are “prepared for anything,” but for now, “Iran appears to be standing down.”

“Iran appears to be standing down, which is a good thing for all parties concerned and a very good thing for the world,” Trump said.

Watch Trump’s opening remarks:

Trump said, “No Americans were harmed in last night’s attack by the Iranian regime.” 

President Trump just began his remarks with this quote:

The President is speaking from the White House about Iran. Watch it live above. We will also be posting highlights here.

Jeremy Binnie, the Middle East and Africa editor at British military magazine Jane’s Defence Weekly, said the choice of what was likely a Qiam ballistic missile carried some risk — but it also likely ensured several minutes of warning for the Americans when the attack hit their radars. 

About the Qiam missile: Binnie said that, according to images released, the missile recovered near Ain al-Assad Air Base was a Qiam, a type that was “recently upgraded with a new re-entry vehicle that has fins so that it can steer itself towards its target” 

He said these missiles had been used before to attack ISIS and Kurdish rebels in Iraq, “but their accuracy and reliability was spotty.”

“Some missiles failed to reach the target area, while others missed their apparent targets,” Binnie said. “If the Iranians were aiming for uninhabited areas at the Iraqi bases, there consequently was still some risk they would accidentally hit a bunker where coalition personnel were sheltering.”

Some background: There is a growing belief among some US officials that Iran’s missiles intentionally missed areas populated by Americans , multiple Trump administration officials said.

Read more here.

A group of Democratic senators, including 2020 hopeful Sen. Elizabeth Warren, have introduced a Senate resolution “condemning Trump’s threats to attack cultural sites in Iran and demanding the President refrain from violating the laws of armed conflict.”

Some context: Yesterday, Trump appeared to backtrack on his earlier threat to target Iran’s cultural sites — an action that would violate international law and is viewed as a war crime.

“If that’s what the law is – I like to obey the law. But think of it, they kill our people, they blow up our people and then we have to be very gentle with their cultural institutions,” Trump said yesterday.

Trump originally made the threat to the sites on Saturday, tweeting that the US had “targeted 52 Iranian sites (representing the 52 American hostages taken by Iran many years ago), some at a very high level & important to Iran & the Iranian culture.”

“if Iran strikes any Americans, or American assets… Iran itself, WILL BE HIT VERY FAST AND VERY HARD,” he added.

CNN has obtained satellite images from Planet Labs, Inc. that appear to show damage from Iranian missile strikes at al Asad Air Base in Iraq. 

Four buildings on the base appear damaged. It also appears a missile hit one of the runways at the airbase.

Russian President Vladimir Putin and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan attend the inauguration ceremony of a new gas pipeline in Istanbul, Turkey on Wednesday.

Russian President Vladimir Putin and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan issued a joint statement today, saying both countries are “deeply concerned” about the escalation of tensions in the region. 

Here’s part of statement:

The statement added that both presidents have “always been against foreign interventions and unilateral military actions” and urged parties involved to “act in restraint.”

House GOP leadership spoke at their weekly press conference on escalating hostilities with Iran and the strike that took out Qasem Soleimani. They praised the President for his actions and saying that House Republicans are unified behind him.

House Republican leader Kevin McCarthy would not say what he thinks the President should say when he addresses the nation on Iran this morning.

When asked if he would call on the President to retaliate, McCarthy said, “I will allow the President to speak to the nation. I’ll allow him to gather all the information. I think the President has handled this correctly all the way through. I trust his judgement and I know he’s making us safer by the actions he’s taking.”

When asked if Secretary of State Pompeo should testify publicly before Congress, McCarthy said, “I think at this moment in time the most important thing to do, let’s deal with the situation at hand. I think that’s more important, instead of taking Pompeo away from his job.”

Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell said he spoke to President Trump last night after the Iran strikes, saying he emphasized the “capacity to exercise restraint.”

He continued: “As a superpower, we have the capacity to exercise restraint and to respond at a time and place of our choosing, if need be. I believe the president wants to avoid conflict or needless loss of life, but he’s rightly prepared to protect American lives and interests. And I hope Iran’s leaders do not miscalculate by questioning our collective will in launching further attacks.”

President Trump made a series of phone calls to lawmakers last night, including to Sen. James Inhofe, Republican from Oklahoma.

The President was in an upbeat mood, Inhofe said, and believes the limited strikes last night open the doors to broader negotiations.

He said he expected Trump to strike this tone when he speaks at 11 a.m. ET.

House Democrats are still deciding when they will move forward with a vote on a War Powers resolution to check the President on Iran, lawmakers said leaving this morning’s caucus meeting.

The vote still could happen this week, but they’re still hammering out technical details on the resolution and it could also slide to next week.

One of the issues they are working through is making sure the resolution is written so that the Senate will have to take it up, according to Rep. Dan Kildee.

Former Ambassador Wendy Sherman, who served in the State Department during the Obama administration, was present during today’s caucus meeting to walk members through the key issues with the administration’s response, according to Rep. David Cicilline. 

Behind closed doors, House Democrats this morning discussed how to pin down administration officials at this afternoon’s Iran briefing, since most all-member briefings are generally devoid of information.

Among the issues they plan to press on, per sources, is why the administration contends it does not need an Authorization of Military Force now.

The administration has said it used the 2002 authorization for the war in Iraq as legal justification for the strike.

Some Iranians are calling for a harsh revenge.

President Trump’s decision to kill Qasem Soleimani has left the international community reeling.

As diplomatic crises go, this ticks a lot of boxes. The US killed an Iranian general in Iraq — a country where it has kept a constant military presence since the 2003 invasion to overthrow Saddam Hussein.

However bad relations between the US and Iran had become under Trump, the killing of a military official by drone strike caught everyone, including America’s closest allies, off guard.

Here’s some background to all of this:

Read up on more key points to understanding this crisis here.

The United Nations Secretary General António Guterres made another appeal for peace Wednesday, echoing a similar message he delivered on Monday.

That message: Stop escalation, exercise maximum restraint, restart dialogue, renew international cooperation.

The secretary general continues his active engagement with relevant actors, UN Spokesman for the Secretary-General Stéphane Dujarric said in a statement.

“It is our common duty to make every effort to avoid a war in the Gulf that the world cannot afford,” Dujarric said.

Sen. Lindsey Graham just tweeted that US retaliation for Iran’s overnight missile strikes “is not necessary” right now, marking a dramatic shift in tone from his comments last night.

“In my view, retaliation for the sake of retaliation is not necessary at this time,” Graham tweeted. “What is necessary is to lay out our strategic objectives regarding Iran in a simple and firm fashion.”

Graham, one of President Trump’s top Senate allies, last night called the attack an “act of war.”

Here’s what he said yesterday:

And here are his full tweets from this morning:

Tensions between the US and Iran have been escalating for days after a US airstrike killed Iran’s top general.

Here’s a look at some of the key developments in just the past six days:

Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif reiterated today that Iran did “not start this process of escalation.”

Speaking to reporters, Zarif said the United States “waged an economic war against Iran.” 

Watch more:

House Foreign Affairs Chairman Eliot Engel defended the push to tie Trump’s hands on Iran, saying the intent is to give Congress a say in any potential war as the House considers the war powers resolution next week.

About the resolution: House Speaker Nancy Pelosi on Sunday sent a letter to Democratic members of Congress announcing the House will introduce and vote on a “War Powers Resolution to limit the President’s military actions regarding Iran” amid rising tension. The resolution, Pelosi writes, “reasserts Congress’s long-established oversight responsibilities by mandating that if no further Congressional action is taken, the Administration’s military hostilities with regard to Iran cease within 30 days.”

Today, Rep. Jason Crow, a freshman Democrat, also called for the passage of the war powers resolution next week. 

Pelosi declined to answer any of CNN’s questions on Iran on her way into Democratic Caucus meeting today. She replied, “I’m busy.” 

The Speaker was asked about why she delayed the war powers resolution vote and what she hopes to hear from the President this morning. 

President Trump will deliver his statement on Iran at 11 a.m. ET, the White House says.

He’ll speak from the White House Grand Foyer.

Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, right, and Russian President Vladimir Putin speak in Istanbul on Wednesday.

Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan said no one in the region “wants to pay new prices.”

Speaking in Istanbul after a bilateral talk with Russian President Vladimir Putin, Erdogan said the tension between our Iran and the US “reached to an undesirable level.”

“We are trying to decrease tension by using all means of diplomacy at times of war drums,” Erdogan said, adding:

The two presidents held one-on-one talks with translators behind closed doors, according to Russian state-run news media RIA Novosti. 

Finnish Prime Minister Sanna Marin and Swedish Prime minister Stefan Lofven give a press conference following a meeting in Stockholm, Sweden on January 8.

The leaders of Sweden and Finland have condemned the Iranian strikes against military bases in Iraq on Wednesday.

Speaking at a joint news conference today, Swedish Prime Minister Stefan Löfven said that “dialogue [and] de-escalation of the situation” are needed.

Löfven said

Finland’s new Prime Minister Sanna Marin, who is visiting Sweden, also urged de-escalation.

“We need to find ways for a dialogue, we need to find a way for peaceful progress from now on and we need to look to the future, forward from now on.”

“The situation is very difficult,” Marin said, adding: “I think Finland and Sweden are also trying to find a way to build dialogue together with the whole EU.”

Iraq Council of Representatives Speaker Mohammed al-Halbousi speaks in Washington, DC, on March 29, 2019.

Mohammed al-Halbousi, the speaker of Iraqi Parliament, called on the Iraqi government to preserve Iraq’s sovereignty from violations and prevent the country from slipping into the spiral of conflict.

In a statement released by the speaker’s office, al-Halbousi urged all parties to “exercise restraint and wisdom.”

He called the Iranian strikes against bases in Iraq a “violation of Iraqi sovereignty.”

He continued: “We renew our call on the Iraqi government to take the necessary political, legal and security measures to stop such attacks and work to preserve Iraqi sovereignty from these violations, and keep Iraq away from the ongoing conflict and not to be part or an arena for the  fighting, or a party to any regional or international conflict.”

US Ambassador to Israel David Friedman said that the “initial assessments” following the Iranian strikes “are positive, and we pray those reports are true.” 

Speaking this morning at a conference in Jerusalem, Friedman said:

n fired more than a dozen ballistic missiles at two Iraqi military bases housing US troops overnight. If you’re just getting read in, here’s what we know so far:

British Prime Minister Boris Johnson said Qasem Soleimani, the top Iranian military leader who was killed by the US in Baghdad last week, had the “blood of British troops on his hands.”

Speaking in the House of Commons, Johnson defended what he has called the United States’ “right to protect” its bases and personnel.

Johnson said:

“That man had the blood of British troops on his hands,” the prime minister added.

Johnson asserted that the issue of legality “is not for the UK to determine,” but added that the US “has the right to protect its bases and its personnel” in the region.

Iran’s choice of target is significant. If it wanted to kill lots of American soldiers in Iraq there were easier bases to strike.

I’ve been to al-Asad airbase – it’s vast and it’s remote. Strikes there could find plenty of dead ground away from troop bunkers and would have little risk of civilian collateral killings.

Iraqi military commanders had been warned by Iran to stay away from US bases and US officials confirm their troops, too, had adequate warning to shelter from the attack.

Iran is trying to have its cake and eat it. Create the impression of a fearsome strike for domestic consumption without actually risking escalation.

So far, it’s working — soon after the ballistic missiles slammed into the base, President Trump tweeted “all is well,” “so far, so good.”

(File photo) Iranian lawmakers vote during a parliamentary session in Tehran.

There is one message for the international community and another for the Iranians who flocked to the streets for Qasem Soleimani’s funeral.

Iran’s Foreign Minister, Javad Zarif, called the strike “proportional,” while the theocracy’s Supreme Leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, told cheering crowds in Tehran it was a “crushing” blow.

Other Iranian officials speaking for international consumption say there is no need for further strikes unless the US escalates the situation. Meanwhile, some Iranian news outlets are ramping up propaganda, claiming the killing of many US troops when every reliable source says no US troops were killed.

A full US battle damage assessment has begun, and Trump is expected to speak later Wednesday, but every indication so far points toward a military off-ramp moment.

How diplomacy picks up is hard to say. In many ways the situation is back to where it was in the minutes before Soleimani’s killing.

The question will be — and this was always the gamble in killing the architect and inspiration of Iran’s overseas aggression — will the ayatollahs now decide they can’t get away with the attacks as they did, or do they believe their own domestic hype, and that it is for the US to back down on sanctions and pull out of the region.

Regardless of what they or the White House believe, the door to de-escalation has opened a crack — diplomacy might just slip into the room.

The German Foreign Ministry condemned the Iranian strikes on military bases hosting coalition forces in Iraq.

Foreign Minister Heiko Maas said today on Twitter:

Germany has announced earlier it would temporarily withdraw some troops from Iraq. The German Defense Ministry told CNN yesterday that about 35 soldiers from Baghdad and Taji have been moved to Kuwait and Jordan.

Other German troops remain, for example in Erbil, in a training fashion, the spokesman said.

Iran’s missile strikes against bases in Iraq housing American troops were not an act designed to kill the most Americans possible.

Iran would have known that US troops are normally asleep in the early hours of the morning, and the chances of inflicting casualties are lower.

It will also have known the US has a strong air defense that would likely have been on high alert. Tehran should have a grasp of how well its missiles would fare against such technology.

The missile attacks don’t make sense if Iran’s goal was to really hurt US troops in large numbers — as some had been pledging to do.

They do make sense, however, as the execution of Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei’s order to strike back openly against US military targets in response to the killing of Iranian commander Qasem Soleimani.

Khamenei’s instruction was confusing when first reported, as the US would be bound to prevail in a straight military-to-military conflict. Was the Supreme Leader ordering an empty show of force?

The Iranian strikes targeted bases in Iraq that house US troops.

Read the full analysis here.

Without providing any evidence to support their claim, Iranian media are reporting that “80 US military personnel have been killed” and more than “200 US military personnel were injured” in the missile attack on two Iraqi military bases.

An Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) intelligence source told Iran’s semi-official Fars news agency today, that “early estimates indicate heavy US casualties in Iran’s missile attack,” again without showing any evidence. 

Remember: There has been no official statement from the Pentagon or any US officials, but a US official has told CNN that there are no reports of US casualties at this time. An assessment is still underway. Iraqi security officials also say there are no casualties among Iraqi security forces.

About Fars News: It is a semi-official news agency. Unlike press TV it is not state run, but it is known to have close ties to the IRGC and frequently reports stories that Tehran would approve of. Fars is known for its triumphant propaganda, often portraying the strength of the Iranian military in a favorable light.

NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg has joined the ranks of high-profile officials condemning the Iranian attack.

Posting on his Twitter account, he called on Iran to refrain from further violence.

Again, we’re slightly on a knife edge and we will have to wait what the US President Donald Trump says about this — although his initial tweet implies that this is the kind of response that they expected. 

Whether the United States will now decide that enough is enough for this moment and whether there’s some other diplomatic, political or any kind of engagement going forward. 

First and foremost we wait because the ball is again in the Trump administration’s court. 

It’s very important to note that Javad Zarif, Iran’s Foreign Minister, posted a tweet that is very, very clear: he has said Iran took and concluded proportionate measures in self-defense under article 51 of the UN Charter.

He went on, saying: “We do not seek escalation or war but will defend ourselves against any aggression.” 

This is a very clear comment, and it matches what he said in interviews with CNN in the days immediately after the killing of Soleimani.

UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson speaks during Prime Minister's Questions in the House of Commons in London, England on Wednesday.

British Prime Minister Boris Johnson has condemned Iran’s missile strikes on Iraqi military bases and called for “urgent de-escalation.”

Speaking in Parliament today, Johnson said:

Johnson confirmed there were no British personnel casualties and added that the government is doing everything in its power, “of course to protect UK interests in the region.”

“We’ve relocated non-essential personal from Bagdad to Taji and we will do everything we can to prevent an escalation,” the prime minister added.

There is a growing belief among some administration officials that Iran’s missiles intentionally missed areas populated by Americans during attacks on Tuesday, multiple administration officials said. 

These officials floated the notion that Iran could have directed their missiles to hit areas that are populated by Americans — but specifically did not.

They suggested Iran may have chosen to send a message rather than take significant enough action to engender a substantial US military response, a possible signal the administration was looking for rationale to calm the tensions.

Missiles also hit close to the US consulate in Erbil, but didn’t go for the consulate itself, though the expectation is that they could have. Officials have said there were no US casualties as a result of the attacks.

The Pentagon is assessing whether this was the limit of Iran’s response and calibrated to ensure it didn’t cause significant damage, according to one source with knowledge. There are also questions about Iran’s targeting capabilities, which could have impacted the areas that were hit. 

“We could have done it and we didn’t do it,” is the message Iranians appeared to be sending, a State Department official said. 

What happens next: This interpretation will be presented to Secretary of State Mike Pompeo during a briefing today, and Pompeo is expected to brief the President at some point later in the day. 

The US gave Iran the “opportunity to do what they needed to do and not escalate by killing Americans,” the official said, suggesting how the administration could frame the retaliation. This was “a smart move” by the Iranians who demonstrated that they had “more to lose” if they killed Americans.

Now, the major question is if Iranian proxies follow suit, the official explained. 

Pompeo is “pragmatic” right now and the general sentiment last night was “let’s take a breath.”

There were no additional moves taken overnight to add any more protection to US diplomatic facilities abroad.  

Members of President Trump’s national security team have arrived at the White House this morning.

CNN spotted Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Mark Milley, national security adviser Robert O’Brien and Vice President Mike Pence this morning.

President Trump said he will give a statement this morning following the attack on two Iraqi military bases housing US troops. It’s not clear exactly what time that will happen.

Iran launched more than a dozen missiles at two Iraqi bases that hold US troops early this morning local time. The attack appears to be retaliation for the US airstrike that killed a top Iranian general last week, the Pentagon said last night.

Here’s what we know now:

President Trump met in the Situation Room with his national security team last night following the strikes at the airbase housing US troops.

The officials with the president included:

CIA Director Gina Haspel attended the meeting remotely.

President Trump tweeted last night that he’d make a statement about Iran’s attack on bases housing US troops this morning, adding, “All is well!”

It’s not clear exactly what time he’ll make his address.

White House aides had initially made plans for a possible address to the nation by Trump after the missile strikes last night, according to two officials, but a White House official said the President would not speak immediately.

Trump later tweeted this:

Iran fired more than a dozen ballistic missiles at two Iraqi military bases housing US troops early this morning local time.

In a televised address this morning, Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei said that Iran gave the US “a slap in the face last night,” in reference to the attacks.

He added that America had cast Soleimani as a “terrorist,” which was “unjust and unfair.”

The Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps, an elite wing of the Iranian military, said in a statement that the attacks on Iraqi bases were “hard revenge” for the death of Soleimani. The IRGC said any country housing US troops could be subject to “hostile and aggressive acts” and called on American citizens to demand the government remove US troops from the region.

It warned the US: